GluQo: IoT-Based Non-invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring
Keywords:
Absorption Spectroscopy, Blood Glucose, IoT, Non-invasive,Abstract
Diabetes is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. To prevent further complications due to diabetes, it is vital to regularly monitor the blood glucose level. Conventional way to measure blood glucose is invasive, which involves finger puncturing. This method is painful and increases risk of infection. In this project, GluQo, a noninvasive method to monitor glucose level was proposed. Near Infrared LED was placed over the fingertip to measure blood glucose optically and the glucose concentration of the blood was calculated depending on the intensity of the received light. The signal was then filtered and amplified before being fed into the microcontroller to be displayed on an LCD display. The glucose level of a person was predicted based on the analyzed voltages received. The glucose readings were also sent to a phone via WiFi and displayed through an Android application. Validation and calibration were performed for the prototype. The percentage error of the glucose reading for the designed method was 7.20% compared to the prick method. The correlation coefficient obtained from the calibration graph of voltage versus glucose concentration was 0.9642, which indicated a strong relationship. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a high correlation between the predicted glucose values and the voltage signals from the sensor.References
World Health Organization, “Global Report on Diabetes,” [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/. 2016.
International Diabetes Federation. [Online]. Available: http://www.idf.org/membership/wp/malaysia. 2015.
K. Alberi and P. Zimmet, “Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications, part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus, provisional report,” Diabet Med., vol. 15, pp. 539-553, 1998.
V. A. Saptari, “A Spectroscopic System for Near Infrared Glucose Measurement”, PhD Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 2004.
V. Srinivasan, V. K. Pamula, M. G. Pollack and R. B. Fair, “Clinical diagnostics on human whole blood, plasma, serum, urine, saliva, sweat, and tears on a digital microfluidic platform,” in Proceedings of MicroTAS, USA, 2003, pp. 1287-1290.
H. D. Park, K. J. Lee, H. R. Yoon and H. H. Nam, “Design of a portable urine glucose monitoring system for health care,” Comput Biol Med, vol. 35, pp. 75-86, 2005.
J. S. Baba, B. D. Cameron and G. L. Cote.. “Effect of temperature, pH, and corneal birefringence on polametric glucose monitoring in the eye,” J Biomed Opt, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 321-329, 2002.
M. Rohrscheib, R. Robinson and R. P. Eaton, “Non-invasive glucose sensors and improved informatics- the future of diabetes management,” Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, vol. 5, pp. 280- 284, 2003.
S. K. Vashist, “Non-invasive glucose monitoring technology in diabetes management: A review,” Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 750, pp. 16-27, 2012.
S. F. Malin, T. L. Ruchti, T. B. Blank, S. N. Thennadil and S. L. Monfre, “Non-invasive prediction of glucose by near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,” Clin. Chem, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 1651-1658, 1999.
A. Tura, A. Maran and G. Pacini, “Non-invasive glucose monitoring: Assessment of technologies and devices according to quantitative criteria,” Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, vol. 77, pp. 16-40, 2007.
K. Lawand, M. Parihar and S. N. Patil, “Design and development of infrared LED based non invasive blood glucometer,” in 2015 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), New Delhi, 2015, pp. 1-6.
M. Ahmad, A. Kamboh and A. Khan, “Non-invasive blood glucose monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy,” EDN Network, 2013.
K. A. U. Menon, D. Hemachandran and A. T. Kunnath, “Voltage intensity based non-invasive blood glucose monitoring,” in 2013 Fourth International Conference on Computing, Communications and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), India, 2013, pp. 1-5.
Thorlabs FGA10 - InGaAs Photodiode specification sheet, 2234‐S01, Rev 1, February 27, 2017.
R. A. Buda and M. M. Addi, “A portable non-invasive blood glucose monitoring device,” in 2014 IEEE Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES), Malaysia, 2014, pp. 964-969.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT AGREEMENT
The manuscript is herewith submitted for publication in the Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering (JTEC). It has not been published before, and it is not under consideration for publication in any other journals. It contains no material that is scandalous, obscene, libelous or otherwise contrary to law. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, I, as the author, hereby agree to transfer to JTEC, all rights including those pertaining to electronic forms and transmissions, under existing copyright laws, except for the following, which the author(s) specifically retain(s):
- All proprietary right other than copyright, such as patent rights
- The right to make further copies of all or part of the published article for my use in classroom teaching
- The right to reuse all or part of this manuscript in a compilation of my own works or in a textbook of which I am the author; and
- The right to make copies of the published work for internal distribution within the institution that employs me
I agree that copies made under these circumstances will continue to carry the copyright notice that appears in the original published work. I agree to inform my co-authors, if any, of the above terms. I certify that I have obtained written permission for the use of text, tables, and/or illustrations from any copyrighted source(s), and I agree to supply such written permission(s) to JTEC upon request.