Design of Irrigation Management System in Gezira Scheme Using Geographic Information System

Abstract

Gezira scheme, ultimately becomes the largest centrally-managed irrigation project in the world. This paper presented a design to provide intelligent system used for managing irrigation in Gezira scheme. The system solves the problem of crops thirsty and water loss. The paper aims to monitor the flow of water in the channels, which ensures the arrival of accurate water for all areas of the project. The Geographic information system (GIS) data analysis helps to get knowledge of what area is actually has the potential for growing. The used image obtained from LANDSAT8 satellite and with the aid of ARC-GIS application for the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI was calculated. The obtained results revealed that the region of red color, which has NDVI between (-0.2 - 0) represents non-growing area, the region of yellow color which has NDVI between (0 – 0.3) represents and the region of green color, which has NDVI between (0.3 – 0.55) represents normal irrigated area. The results of the NDVI have proven that the system can be used successfully. A hardware circuit was designed to enable the use of the NDVI that results in the opening or closing of the flow of water. Also, the results show the use of the global positioning system (GPS) system in the field of study that gives the local or global coordinates according to the coordinate system used in the study.