Assessment of Exposure from Wireless Devices: Multilayered Structure Method

Abstract

Considering the recent breakthrough in wireless mobile telecommunications technology, there is need for more scientific and public awareness on the electromagnetic radiation risks associated with this growing technology. As, the human body is composed of biological tissues of complicated structures. This led to different behavior of biological tissue with respect to dosimetry-related research. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to initially investigate the shielding properties of fat tissue against electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, the study explores the biological effects of fifth generation (5G) communication devices operating in the 24250 – 52600 MHz frequency band on human head. Technology or Method: The paper employs a one-dimensional (1D) computer simulation used to calculate and measure the radiation exposure using MATLAB programming language. Results: Through simulation analysis, it founds that, for frequencies in the range 1–2 GHz, the fat tissue has the highest reflection coefficient values. However, this is not true for s-polarization with angle of incidence greater than 50^o. Moreover, it is found in case of 5G irradiation that the highest power reflection coefficient (76.4%)  is achieved for s-polarization with angle of incidence of 60^o and appears at the lower frequency end of band FR2. On the other hand, the highest power transmission coefficient (85%) is achieved for p-polarization with angle of incidence of 60^o and appears at the upper frequency end. Further, the values of the maximum temperature rise achieved for p-polarization of 30^o and 60^o, respectively. However, for frequencies greater than 36.4 GHz, the maximum temperature rise for normal incidence exceeds that of p-polarization with angle of incidence of 60^o. Clinical or Biological Impact: It is concluded that, the amount of fat tissue needs to be carefully taken into account during the design phase of dosimetry experiments. Moreover, there is no clear evidence for health risks associated with the exposure to 5G radiation at FR2 band.