A Smart Density Based Traffic Control System with Barricades and Emergency Vehicles Clearance

Abstract

One of the most delicate aspects of humanity in modern society is the traffic congestion control system. It has raised a red flag for researchers, and further work is needed to prevent casualties. As a result of the congestion, the country faces several adverse effects. Because of people’s inability to follow traffic laws, lack of tolerance among road users, insufficient facilities, and lack of awareness among traffic wardens, traffic congestion has become a frequent occurrence in Nigeria. Nigeria’s traffic control system has been subjected to various violations (Niger state as a case study). To address some
of the challenges, this research proposed a smart density-based traffic control system with barricades and emergency clearance to address the abuses and restructure the system to achieve a free traffic flow in the state. This system is designed to do away with a manual system of traffic control, grant quick but logical access to an emergency vehicle, and replace the counter system of signal light using Pre-Empty Priority scheduling algorithm to assign higher priority to emergency vehicles. C programming language is utilised with the aid of IR sensor, Arduino AT Mega 2560, RF transceiver, LED, barricade and metal-gear-micro servo motor. The system is evaluated based on response time after trials for the speed of the servo motor. Setting the servo motor speed from 00 to 900 and back to 00 shows that the get ready to stop is recorded at 2000 microseconds. After five trials, 8,7 and 9,8 seconds were obtained for Road1 and Road2 as the high and low values, respectively. The highest value of 8 and 9 seconds implies that it takes a second longer for the system to
adequately initialised, after which it maintains a steady response. The result is significant and influential for the system.